Heart stress test…pathological and non-pathological reasons to perform it
Exercise test is one of the relatively simple cardiac tests, compared to other cardiac tests, which has high diagnostic and therapeutic value.
This test is performed by stressing the heart through exercise, usually by walking or jogging on a treadmill or using an exercise bike. Through this physical stress on the body as a whole, the heart is “forced” to pump blood with greater force and to pump blood at a higher rate and acceleration, compared to the normal performance of the heart when the person is still and at his ease. or practice light daily physical activities.
Stress tests
This test then helps determine how much a person’s heart and blood vessels respond during times when the heart and blood vessels need to work at their maximum capacity. To meet the needs of oxygenated blood flow to the muscles so that they can work at their maximum capacity, as well as to the lungs to cleanse the blood of carbon dioxide and supply it with oxygen.
During this practical test, the heart’s activity is monitored by connecting it to an ECG device. This is to monitor how quickly the expected increase in heart rate continues, to monitor any changes in heart rhythm, and the extent to which abnormal “abnormal” pulses appear. And also; To track any changes that may occur in the electrocardiogram, which, if they occur, may reflect the presence of pathological disorders in the coronary arteries. The amount of blood pressure is also monitored during this test; Observe the extent to which the expected increase develops in it, or the occurrence of any unexpected decreases, which could indicate problems with the coronary arteries. In addition, oxygen levels in the blood are monitored, as an indicator of the efficiency of the lungs and the work of the arteries.
The doctor communicates with the patient during this test to monitor any symptoms he or she may complain of, such as chest pain, degree of shortness of breath and shortness of breath, or pain in the knees, back, or feet. The patient’s ability to continue and continue to progress through the phases of this test. Then, evaluating their body’s response and physical ability to bear the weight of physical stress, compared to others of the same age and sex.
Results and diagnosis
And so; Performing a cardiac stress test is a very common test, so your doctor can clarify:
– The degree of a person’s ability to perform physical activity, compared to other people of his age and of the same sex.
– How well the heart pumps blood.
– If during this stress the heart receives an adequate blood supply through the coronary arteries.
– Find out if the symptoms complained of by the person (chest pain, shortness of breath, sensation of rapid heartbeat and dizziness) can recur during physical activity.
Therefore, this makes it easier to identify and evaluate some of the heart problems a person may have, such as:
– Decreased muscle capacity or problems with the efficiency of the heart valves.
– Lack of sufficient blood flow to the heart muscle, through the coronary arteries.
– The level of electrical stability of the heartbeat during rest and during physical stress.
In addition to the important information mentioned above, the patient and doctor benefit from cardiac stress testing to determine whether the person needs further cardiac tests, which are “interventional” cardiac tests that use different types of colored dyes. This is what the doctor usually does not do unless necessary.
To be clear, the “necessity” arises either from the severity and clarity of the link between the symptoms complained of by the patient and a high probability cardiac pathology, or from the fact that the results of “non-interventional” cardiac tests, such as a cardiac stress test, indicate that these possibilities are high and therefore the need for interventional heart tests, such as catheterization, to provide certainty about heart health and to confirm a diagnosis or whether treatment can reduce the risk of heart attack and make a person feel better.
In addition to these direct medical indications, people who work in high-risk professions (such as pilots or professional athletes) may also need tests to evaluate the heart’s endurance capabilities, ability to maintain cardiac efficiency, electrical stability of the heart, controlling high blood pressure and maintaining normal levels of oxygen in the heart and blood, all when under very stressful conditions for the heart.
Test subjects
On these aspects, the Mayo Clinic cardiologists explain, in their answer to the question: “Who should undergo a cardiac stress test?”, saying in summary: “This test may be suitable for you if you suffer from symptoms of heart disease, how how:
– Angina, which is pain or discomfort in the chest due to poor blood flow to the heart.
– Arrhythmia, which is a rapid or irregular heartbeat.
– Shortness of breath (if varying degrees of physical effort are exerted).
– Feeling dizzy or dizzy.
Stress tests are also intended for people with diagnosed heart conditions if:
– I want to start exercising.
– In the treatment phase because healthcare professionals must determine the success of the diagnosis.
– Face a higher risk of complications due to a personal or family history of heart disease.
Additionally, a cardiac stress test is done to assess your risk for heart disease and heart attacks if you have no known heart disease or symptoms, but you have other risk factors, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or a family history of heart disease.Soon.
– Or your health condition requires that you undergo surgery (on a body part other than the heart) and healthcare providers need to assess (the extent of the possibilities) the risk of heart complications during the surgery or during the subsequent recovery period.”
What are the different types of cardiac stress tests?
Cleveland Clinic cardiologists say there are many ways to evaluate heart function during strenuous physical work, in which the body’s heart, lungs and arteries are stressed to work at their maximum possible capacity.
The basis is that all cardiac stress tests include monitoring the heart rate, measuring blood pressure, blood oxygen levels, electrical activity within the heart, and symptoms that may appear on the patient during the exam.
But there are some differences between these types of cardiac stress tests. Types of stress tests include:
• Stress test on physical movement. This is the most common and basic cardiac stress test. It involves walking on an electric pedal or riding an exercise bike. It is usually performed by a doctor and a well-trained technician. During the testing phases, the speed of the treadmill and the height of the table on which you run are increased, based on the patient’s walking ability and general physical fitness. What is important is that the load on the heart increases, forcing it to beat faster and require more blood to feed it through the coronary arteries.
If a person is unable to perform these physical movements, for example for joint-related reasons, they may be given types of drugs that make their heart pump harder and pulse faster, or other types of drugs that work to expand the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart itself. Subsequently, a continuous electrocardiogram is performed (following the trend of the electrical activity of the heart), in addition to the vital indicators mentioned in the text of the article.
Ultrasound cardiac stress test. This is another, and accurate, way to track what the heart muscle and valves do when they exert physical exertion or when the patient is given types of drugs that make his or her heart pump harder and beat faster. This precise monitoring of the heart is done through continuous ultrasound imaging of the heart (echo), before and during the heart’s exposure to these conditions (exercising or taking these medications).
With this “live imaging”, the doctor has more detail, as he gets clearer information about the functions and mechanism of blood flow through the heart valves (which are located between the heart chambers). In addition, careful monitoring of the mechanism of contraction of parts of the heart muscle in the left ventricle, which reflects the safety of the coronary arteries from any narrowing or blockage.
3. Nuclear cardiac stress test. In a nuclear cardiac stress test, “safe” levels of radioactive material are used, cardiac imaging tests are performed, and those images are evaluated.
Doctors at the Mayo Clinic explain: “The nuclear stress test is an imaging test that reveals the nature of blood flow to the heart during rest and exercise. This test uses a small amount of a radioactive substance called a radioactive tracer. This substance is infused through a vein. The imaging device photographs the movement of the tracer through the heart’s arteries. The doctor compares the two sets of images taken during the nuclear stress test. These images reveal the state of blood flow in the heart at rest and during physical activity. The results may show the following:
– Normal blood flow during physical activity and rest. In this case it may not be necessary to perform further tests.
– Blood circulates normally during rest, but not during physical activity. Part of the heart does not receive enough blood during exercise. This may mean that there is a blockage in one or more arteries, or what is known as coronary heart disease.
– Poor blood flow during rest and during exercise. A part of the heart does not always receive enough blood. This may be due to severe coronary heart disease or a previous heart attack.
– Lack of blood flow to some parts of the heart. The parts of the heart where the radioactive tracer is not visible are damaged by a previous heart attack.
This test helps determine how much the heart and its blood vessels respond to meet the body’s needs during stress
Contraindications to cardiac stress testing
If there are no contraindications, cardiac stress tests are often safe. Both a cardiologist and a specialized technician are present during the exam.
However, cardiac exercise testing is not suitable for people with heart conditions that make exercise testing unsafe. These cases include:
– The presence of dissection in the walls of the aorta.
– The presence of endocarditis (inflammation of the heart valves), pericarditis (inflammation of the outer membrane of the heart) or myocarditis.
– The patient recently had a heart attack.
– The presence of severe aortic valve stenosis.
– The presence of an uncontrolled arrhythmia.
– The patient complains of constant chest pain.
2024-01-11 17:58:00
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