Image source, GETTY IMAGES
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Emperor Nero sings and plays while Rome burns. It might not be true. (Colored woodblock print by Italian artist Tito Conti)
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In the year 2023 that is about to pass. There are many amazing archaeological discoveries being made around the world. especially Finding evidence that makes us tear up the history books Including the revelation of the advanced capabilities of the ancients, especially this year. that BBC Thai has collected for you to read at your leisure, including 6 stories.
The oldest wooden structure ever created by man.
Image source: LARRY BARHAM
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The wooden structure is almost five hundred thousand years old. Buried on the banks of the Kalambo River in Zambia.
The carpenter’s profession is perhaps one of the oldest professions in the world. And the first carpenters may have settled in Zambia, southern Africa, hundreds of thousands of years ago. Because this year a team of British archaeologists discovered the oldest wooden structure ever invented by man. Buried on the banks of the Kalambo River in that country.
The survey team led by archaeologists from the University of Liverpool in the UK. The trunks were found connected by notches. This was clearly caused by deliberate cutting of trees by humans. Even circumstantial evidence leads them to assume that logs polished together May be part of a walkway. or the base of a structure raised above the moist ground in the said wetland.
Previously, it was the oldest surviving wooden structure. Found in Northern England. It is only 11,000 years old, while the wooden structure that was discovered this time is 476,000 years old, which is 150,000 years older than the origins of modern humans or Homo sapiens.
The archaeological team that conducted the excavations hypothesized that This wooden structure is probably the work of an ancient human relative, Homo heidelbergensis. which is amazing Such an ancient human race that liked to migrate and move around. Instead, they built a wooden structure that represented a settlement. They establish homes and communities permanently or semi-permanently in one place.
In addition to the aforementioned wooden structure, a stone axe, a flattened trunk and four wooden tools dated between 324,000 and 390,000 years ago were also discovered nearby. The traces were found on this log. It’s no different than a dig mark or a crack in the wood. This is often caused by using equipment on the carpenter’s workbench.
A sheet of paper from the world’s first book
Papyrus paper (papyrus) or what is familiar to us by the name papyrus paper. It is a material that the ancient Egyptians used to draw pictures and write letters on various documents. This year, a 10 by 6 inch piece of papyrus dating back more than two thousand years was discovered. with traces to prove it It’s probably a page from the world’s first book.
This was established by a team of archaeologists from the Austrian University of Graz. In fact, this papyrus sheet was discovered for the first time. More than a hundred years ago, since 1902, in the city of El Hibeh in Egypt. But only recently has the story of its origins become clear.
Image source: UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ
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Papyrus fragments from the first book of the world.
A piece of the aforementioned papyrus In the past a page of a book was bound together by multiple documents. This book is primarily about beer and gasoline tax collection rates. Made using black ink to write Greek letters around 260 BC or approximately 2,283 years ago.
The latter was in the world’s first book for a while. This sheet of paper has been torn. Then send it in a letter to the tax collector or debtor who still owes taxes. Before anyone recycles it for reuse. Images of the gods were drawn before being wrapped in the mummy. According to popular tradition during the Ptolemaic (Ptolemy) dynasty, the last dynasty to rule ancient Egypt. before becoming a colony of the Roman Empire
The archaeological team learned that the scroll came from a bound book. Because it uses a microscope and multispectral imaging equipment. (multispectral imaging) can capture details deep in the paper with high clarity. It helps to find various traces indicating the process of designing and binding books in ancient times.
The inspection results proved that This papyrus sheet has a layout that can be folded in half to divide the content into two pages. Be bound in a book by making a hole in the middle. Then use a flexible nail-like material to hold it in place. Which is almost no different from today’s ring spine binding.
Before the discovery of the origin of the aforementioned papyrus The oldest books in the world date back only to the 1st or 2nd century AD But after this discovery Archaeologists know that bound documents become books It has existed for at least 400 years longer than previously thought .
Theater where Emperor Nero gave concerts
The most famous ruler of the ancient Roman Empire for his recklessness. Surely there will be no one more than Emperor Nero or Nero because he is one of the leaders with many skills. Who dared to show their skills as an artist to the public. Especially in these unique times. As they say, Nero watches Rome burn in flames. While strumming a musical instrument,
Image source: SPECIAL SUPERINTENDENCE OF ROME
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The remains of the theater where Emperor Nero sang songs to the citizens.
This legend may not be entirely true either. Because new evidence has begun to be discovered indicating that This emperor was more merciful to his people than his enemies had distorted history. But Nero was an artist who always had a sense of beauty. cannot be easily denied Because a lot of hard evidence has been discovered. Including the theater used by Nero. “Perform a concert” showcases his beautiful voice as he sings a song to lull the Roman citizens.
The theater was a private stage built in the garden of Emperor Nero’s mother, Agrippina. This garden is located in the area of a luxury villa on the outskirts of Rome. Close to the area of the current Vatican City State.
Archaeologists previously did not know the location of the platform. Although many historians of ancient Rome recorded this place, For example, Tacitus (Tacitus) claimed that Nero once sang a song about the fall of Troy. During the great fire of Rome in 64 AD the “brick theater in the garden of Agrippina” was destroyed.
Results of the excavation of remains of structures from the Roman era Remains of a Renaissance or Renaissance garden Found a theater whose characteristics corresponded to the description given in the story. It is a 42 meter wide semi-circular stage with seating for the audience and a rectangular area consisting of entrances, exits and stairs. There was also another building that appeared to house the actors’ sets and costumes.
There are traces of the sumptuous decoration of this theater. With white marble and golden plaques Because this building is considered part of a large construction project. To help herald Emperor Nero’s power and honor to spread far and wide.
Evidence points to the existence of “Buddhists” in Egypt during Roman times.
People generally believe that the land is “Buddha Bhumibol”, which refers to the area where Buddhism originated and where there are many people who practice Buddhism as their main religion. In the past its territory was limited to the Asian continent only. But now that belief needs to be shaken. After evidence was discovered that confirmed it More than two thousand years ago, a Buddhist community existed in Africa in Egypt’s main port city.
Image source: MINISTRY OF ANTIQUITIES
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Buddha statues found in Egypt It is similar to Ghandara art which was influenced by Greece.
International Archaeological Group Led by experts from many research institutions in the United States. The Polish Center for Mediterranean Archeology (PCMA) said it discovered a 1,900-2,000 year old Buddha statue while examining the remains of an ancient temple in Berenice or Berenice, a port city on Egypt’s Red Sea coast.
The Buddha statue is in an upright position and is 71 centimeters high, carved from Mediterranean marble. His left hand holds a robe. His head had a ray that resembled the sun. And there are also lotus flowers decorated next to the Buddha image. Making it look similar to Ghandara art, which is a Greek influenced Buddhist art. It is the first Buddha statue discovered in the Western Hemisphere beyond the border of Afghanistan.
The archaeological team is convinced. A sculptor from Alexandria in Egypt may have created this statue. so that the community of Indian merchants who settled in Berenike would venerate him. It is important evidence showing that there were Buddhists in the ancient Egyptian kingdom. It also shows the trade relations between India and Egypt. Especially during the time when Egypt was under the rule of the Roman Empire.
Stone inscriptions in Sanskrit had previously been discovered. and a 1,900-year-old jar containing peppercorns from India in Berenike. Ships from India regularly bring goods such as spices, semi-precious stones, silk and ivory to the port for sale. Until the abandonment of the city in 600 AD
Remnants of the original red curry paste recipe first introduced in Southeast Asia.
Various types of spicy curry or curry with a strong, bold flavour. Southeast Asians are believed to have been influenced by food in the culture of the people of Bharat. In fact, cooking recipes began to be imported. Including ingredients that are spices from foreign countries, since when exactly?
Image source, GETTY IMAGES
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A curry with a spicy flavor originating from the early days of Southeast Asia. There was no chilli as an ingredient like in modern curry.
A team of archaeologists from Vietnam, China and Australia Published in the journal Science Advances, curry paste remains were found on a 2,000-year-old herb grinding stone from the Oc Eo archaeological dig site in southern Vietnam. He points out that spices imported from India or Indonesia began to be used in cooking. From the heyday of the Funan kingdom, powerful in Southeast Asia from about 500 BC to 300 AD.
However, this traditional red curry recipe does not contain chillies as an ingredient. This is because chili peppers, originally from South America, were imported to this region in later times. But the results of the analysis of the embedded particles attached to the curry grinding stone are confirmed. A large number of medicinal plants with spicy flavors from India, such as pepper, galangal, ginger, galangal, parhom and turmeric, were found. It is believed that travelers and merchants migrated here from the Indian subcontinent. It is he who introduced the recipe for cooking this spicy curry to the people of Southeast Asia. In the era of the beginning of maritime trade between the two regions via the Indian Ocean route, about 2000 years ago.
In that era, the Kingdom of Funan, which is currently located within the borders of Vietnam, was considered an important trading post connecting China and South Asia. As a result, many sandstone platforms were discovered at the Okwe archaeological excavation site. This stone is used to grind hundreds of spices and medicinal plants. To be used in cooking according to ancient Indian culture.
However, the origin of the world’s first curry bowl lies in the Indian subcontinent. Previously, archaeologists had found remnants of red curry stuck to the bottom of the pot. and spice fragments embedded in the teeth of an ancient human more than 4,000 years old in Pakistan
Is “Gunung Padang” really the oldest pyramid in the world?
Archaeologists and scientists interested in the disappearance of ancient advanced civilizations There will be a heated debate this year. Because at the end of October the magazine Archaeological Prospection published a new discovery on the “Gunung Padang” hill in the western part of the island of Java, Indonesia. It has been confirmed that this hill did not actually form naturally. But it is the oldest giant stepped pyramid structure in the world.
image source, MERCUSUAR
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Gunung Padang means “Mountain of Enlightenment” in Sundanese
A team of archaeologists from Indonesia’s National Agency for Research and Innovation (BRIN) claims that evidence emerged from a ten-year analysis and the results of detecting the age of soil and rocks at the aforementioned ancient site using radiocarbon. It turned out that Gunung Padang may have been built initially around . 16,000-27,000 years ago, which is the same period as the world’s last ice age (Last Glacial Period – LGP).
It is considered incredible that this mysterious building It was created before humans knew agriculture. and thousands of years before the birth of the world’s first civilization Even the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt and Stonehenge in the UK Still only 1 in 5 of Gunung Padang’s youth.
This astonishing discovery shocked those who believed it The “Silurian Hypothesis” assumes this This is evidence of an ancient civilization that was more prosperous and technologically advanced than modern humans. This high civilization had ruled the world in ancient times for millions of years. Before the birth of man
However, many archaeologists and geologists question the validity of the above research. There appears to be insufficient scientific evidence to support this. do it through the diary Archaeological Prospecting has announced that it will begin to investigate the facts of this research again.
Dr Lufti Yondri, another BRIN archaeologist, has come out to express his opposition to the “hasty conclusion” of research that Gunung Padang is the world’s oldest pyramid. Because Indonesians do not have traditional customs or cultures that favor the construction of pyramids.
He proposed an alternative idea: Gunungpasan is not a pyramid. But it is one of the most common ancient structures in Indonesia. This is the stone terrace, known as “punden berandak” in the local language. It is a structure carved in stone in the shape of a table to be used in ancestor worship ceremonies. Make it possible Gunung Padang is probably just a series of stone terraces hanging together.
2023-12-29 06:42:52
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