Today, 101 years have passed since the birth of national leader Heydar Aliyev, the pride of the entire Turkic world, the world-famous wise political personality and outstanding statesman, the architect and founder of the modern independent state of Azerbaijan.
Heydar Alirza oglu Aliyev was born on May 10, 1923 in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan.
After graduating from the Nakhchivan Pedagogical Technical College in 1939, he entered the architecture faculty of the Azerbaijan Industrial Institute (now the Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University), but the outbreak of the Second World War did not allow him to finish his studies.
In 1941-1944, Heydar Aliyev first worked as the head of the secret section of the archive department in the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, and then as the head of the general department in the Council of People’s Commissars of the Nakhchivan MSSR.
In May 1944, he was sent to work in the state security agencies.
In 1949-1950, after studying at the Training School of Management Personnel of the State Security Committee of the USSR in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), in 1950 he was appointed head of the department of the State Security Committee of the Azerbaijan SSR.
In 1957, he graduated from the correspondence department of the history faculty of Azerbaijan State University (now Baku State University).
In 1958, he was appointed the head of the counter-intelligence department of the State Security Committee of the Azerbaijan SSR, and in 1964, the deputy chairman of the State Security Committee.
In 1966, he successfully completed the management training courses of the FEDzerzhinsky Higher School of State Technical Committee in Moscow.
In 1967, he was appointed as the chairman of the State Security Committee under the Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan SSR, and in the same year he was given the rank of major general.
At the plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan held on July 14, 1969, Heydar Aliyev was elected the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan.
Heydar Aliyev was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR and the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for 22 years. In 1974-1979, he held the post of Deputy Chairman of the Union Council of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Heydar Aliyev, who was a candidate for membership of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1976, and a member of the Political Bureau in December 1982, was appointed as the first deputy chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers. While working in this position, Heydar Aliyev led the most important areas of the economic, social and cultural life of the USSR.
In October 1987, Heydar Aliyev resigned from his positions in protest against the political line of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the political line introduced by General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev.
Heydar Aliyev made a statement on January 21 at Azerbaijan’s representative office in Moscow regarding the bloody tragedy caused by the Soviet troops in Baku on the night of January 19-20, 1990, demanding the punishment of the organizers and perpetrators of the crime committed against the people of Azerbaijan. He left the ranks of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in July 1991 as a sign of protest against the hypocritical policy of the USSR leadership regarding the acute conflict situation in Nagorno-Karabakh.
Heydar Aliyev, who returned to Baku on July 20, 1990, left for Nakhchivan two days later, and was elected People’s Deputy of Azerbaijan SSR and People’s Deputy of Nakhchivan MSSR in the same year.
On September 3, 1991, Heydar Aliyev was elected the chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, and according to the relevant legislation, he was also the deputy chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Azerbaijan. He worked in this position until 1993.
On November 21, 1992, Heydar Aliyev was elected chairman of the New Azerbaijan Party at the founding conference held in Nakhchivan.
In May-June 1993, due to the threat of civil war and loss of independence, the people of Azerbaijan demanded that Heydar Aliyev be brought to power, and the then leadership of the country was forced to invite him to Baku.
Heydar Aliyev was elected the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Azerbaijan on June 15, 1993, and from June 24 he began to exercise the powers of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
On October 3, 1993, as a result of the national vote, Heydar Aliyev was elected the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
On October 11, 1998, he was re-elected as the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, having collected 76.1 percent of the votes in the election held in conditions of high public participation.
Heydar Aliyev, who agreed to be nominated in the presidential election held on October 15, 2003, withdrew his candidacy due to health problems. Ilham Aliyev took it back in favor.
On December 12, 2003, the national leader of the Azerbaijani people, Heydar Aliyev, died in the Cleveland Clinic of the United States of America, and was buried on December 15, in Baku, in the Alley of Honor.
Heydar Aliyev was awarded five times with the Order of Lenin of the former USSR, the Order of the Red Star and numerous medals, he was twice awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, as well as the highest awards of various countries and honorary titles of prestigious universities.
President By the Decree signed by Ilham Aliyev on September 29, 2022, 2023 was declared the “Year of Heydar Aliyev” in Azerbaijan.
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