The second one factor of the primary quantity of the mag of discrimination used to be issued, the Historical past of Medical and Philosophical Concepts. The articles of this quantity got here in 3 chapters: First, the phase of research, which integrated 5 analysis in Arabic and English in quite a lot of subjects from the historical past of philosophical and medical concepts. 2d, the phase on translations that integrated one textual content used to be transferred from English to Arabic. And 3rd, the bankruptcy on e-book critiques that integrated 3 critiques. Those works handled vital subjects that quilt the Investigations of Philosophy, Astronomy, Arithmetic, Speech, Jurisprudence, Sufism, Ethics, and many others., and the works of philosophers and students similar to Yahya Al -Nahwi, Al -Khwarizmi, Ibn Al -Haytham, Ibn Rushd, Al -Amdi, Ibn Arabi, Marta November and others.
Within the phase of research written in English, Brian Wright studied an important jurisprudence factor, associated with the rule of thumb of mitigating the homicide in circumstances of serious provocation within the “problems by which a person unearths his spouse in a state of adultery and kills her handiest or who and together with her”, in his studied learn about: “Between maintaining society and the psychological well being of the person: Protection because of the ‘excessive provocation’ in Islamic legislation.” He defends the concept this mitigation isn’t the supply of recent rules, however quite unearths its origins in Islamic jurisprudence within the 5th Hijri century coinciding with the advance of the theories of passion and functions within the rules of jurisprudence . Within the tournament of serious provocation, the jurists noticed that it’s permissible to scale back the punishment if it seems that the crime took place because of a brief loss, justified, to keep an eye on the soul because of the assault in honor of the person. Those Islamic rules and ideas have persevered in fashionable felony programs within the Islamic international.
Within the phase of written research in Arabic, Saeed Al -Busalawi stood at “The First Article of Yahya Al -Nahwi’s Guide” in keeping with Burlqals’ and receiving it in Arabic, ”finding out and translating. In his learn about, he highlighted “the significance of the proof contained in it, and a few formulation won via the philosophers of Islam, and what used to be preserved in Arabic”, and indicated how “this newsletter is sort of shortened via the entire e-book; In it, the grammar used to be offered in it probably the most distinguished philosophical proof of the incidence of the arena. And examine each and every different for the aim of restoring the misplaced component of this article. Additionally, he offered a translation/abstract of this newsletter within the appendix.
In a learn about entitled “The coverage of science between supporting sponsors and the need of students (Baghdad within the 9th century AD), Sayyid Muhammad Ahmad Al -Mustafa highlighted the medical effectiveness and medical households and the level of cooperation or festival between students, desiring to“ some social and political affects that permeated the method of medical effectiveness Within the 9th century, “and he defined” that the objective of this festival isn’t detailed, in all circumstances, for social appreciation, rewards and awards, and that the contest used to be according to the accounts of affect and proximity to the courtroom, and the unfold of the popularity, and those are all social features that this or that international sought via. ” And he offered many examples of the results of the contest, subject material or symbolic affect, or the other of depriving from the aforementioned or misplaced difference.
For his phase, he offered the supporters of Al -Bazati an invaluable learn about on “Ibn Al -Haytham and the Cosmology”, by which he highlighted an important options of Ibn Al -Haytham’s evaluation of the Ptolemaic Astronomical idea, and defined how Ibn Al -Haytham has a deep working out of the issues raised via astronomy, along with his sturdy doubts concerning the answers recommended via Ptolemy ”like The motion of al -Adbar and the other speeds of probably the most heavenly our bodies and the places of one another, the use of the mechanisms of the round and the exterior astronomy. She allowed him to rebuild Ptolemy’s astronomical idea in a more potent trend. On the other hand, in spite of everything, he remained trapped within the prevailing substitute, and his again used to be grew to become to non -invalid concepts, within the eyes of the researcher.
Below the identify “Ibn Rushd between the morals of Aristotle and the Plato’s coverage,” Muhammad Muzouz attempted to offer a unique studying of the sensible facet within the philosophy of Ibn Rushd. The presence of Aristotle’s morals and Plato’s coverage in Al -Matn Al -Rushdi, in particular won my e-book summarizing the ethics of Aristotle and the mosques of Plato’s coverage of Ibn Rushd, and inspecting the turbulent political and social context by which Ibn Rushd wrote the 2 books, and likewise reviewed the speculation of Ibn Rushd’s abstract of Plato’s e-book on politics and an coincidence I were given it.
On a subject matter no longer a ways from Plato, we learn to Naguib Tabsab a learn about entitled “The Very similar to Marta November: Reform of Platonic Love”, a man-made article by which Martha Nussbauum in Platonic love, a dialogue of the reviews that criticized the speculation of affection at Plato and a spotlight of the significance of emotions Moral basically, and love particularly, in sensible lifestyles. He confirmed that November has observed within the conversations of Georgias, the Republic, the dinner party and a pharmos, a exceptional developer and expressing the alternate of his place at the Erossian love, and that it had reached a conviction that carried out that Plato used to be not able to peer the actual nature of this elementary emotion, despite the fact that he remained no longer a ways from Acknowledging his ethical energy. ”
Within the phase of translations, we learn a learn about via Menso Folkerts, entitled “Early Texts on Indian-Arab Account”, transferred to Arabic Muhammad Halout. This is a helpful learn about at the Indian account and its transition from India to Europe via Arab writings. It specializes in the oldest paintings at the Indian account with Al -Khwarizmi. On the other hand, the issue is the absence of any Arabic manuscript for this article, and “all that we learn about it’s an early reformulation of Latin translation, a couple of years in the past [من 2001]This manuscript used to be handiest in part recognized and its reign dates again to the 12th century (Cambridge, UL, II.6.5). Its complete textual content used to be handiest to be had via every other manuscript that allowed a extra correct learn about of Al -Khwarizmi’s paintings (New York, the Spanish American Affiliation, HC 397/726). This paintings research this final manuscript, presentations its content material and discusses its means of display.
Within the bankruptcy on e-book critiques, we learn 3 critiques: the primary of which is a studying of the weather of the satisfaction that fulfills the success of the e-book “Mins of details: Division of common sense” via Abu al -Hasan al -Amidi, who’s in two portions, accomplished via Mr. Fadel Ali Al -Mousawi in a single quantity, at the manuscript of the American College of Prince. How this investigation used to be proven via many lapses and mistakes, together with: linguistic mistakes, however it’s at once associated with semantic and cognitive issues. Together with what is expounded to the inconsistency of the investigator of the topic of the e-book and its terminology, together with what’s the results of the default of the investigator within the analysis and loss of fear and speeding. The auditor has supplied many examples of all of this.
2d, the evaluation of Ramadan bin Mansour to Mustafa Al -Alimi’s e-book, “A Dictionary of Sufi Ideas and Ideas of Ibn Arabi, religious philosophy at the horizon of a surrounding setting.” This is a important evaluation of a Sufi lexicon of an Arab son, according to a few of his phrases, principally within the Meccan conquests. The evaluation is split into two portions: a primary formal phase associated with observations that impact probably the most options of the lexicon from its ultimate directing (deal with, association of phrases, organizing parts and contents). A 2nd phase of content material associated with the dialogue of a few of its cognitive contents (Ibn Arabi’s courting together with his medical and philosophical contexts, his standing within the classical Arab Islamic civilization and the present cosmic tradition from the standpoint of recent Western reception).
In spite of everything, Tawfiq Fazi is reviewed via Martha C It’s been knowledgeable of the portions within the e-book, a few of which have been dedicated to examining how tragic works give a contribution to Skilus and Angton to Safkleh and Hicopia Lorbides in drawing charitable options that acknowledge their fragility. Different portions have been dedicated to appearing what the Platonic imaginative and prescient of happiness makes a speciality of, via examining some Plato’s dialogues. He defined what’s characterised via the Aristotelian imaginative and prescient, its connections with tragic imaginative and prescient, and the inconsistency between the tragic imaginative and prescient and the Platonic imaginative and prescient in probably the most Plato’s dialogues, no longer they all; Vedos is excluded. He concluded with a observation of probably the most limits of the paintings, which used to be selected from Aristotle’s philosophy of its sensible manifestations with out the speculation, and established a pointy interview between the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle, by which the researcher puzzled, that the metaphor, with out which he shouldn’t have risen to Marsha, November, lots of its rulings.
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